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<td nowrap="true" class="pageTitle">角色：设计人员</td><td width="100%">
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<td valign="top">该角色负责在项目的需求、体系结构和开发流程的约束下设计系统的一部分。</td>
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<div class="sectionHeading">关系</div>
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<td valign="top" class="sectionTableCell"><b><span class="sectionTableCellHeading">执行:</span></b></td><td valign="top" class="sectionTableCell"><b><span class="sectionTableCellHeading">负责:</span></b>
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<a href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/rup_analysis_class_DE193C28.html" guid="_joR0wL9dEdqBwpaAk4N49g">分析类</a>
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<td valign="top" class="sectionTableCell"><b><span class="sectionTableCellHeading">其他执行:</span></b></td><td valign="top" class="sectionTableCell"><b><span class="sectionTableCellHeading">修改:</span></b></td>
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<div class="sectionHeading">主要描述</div>
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<td class="sectionTableSingleCell"><a id="Top" name="Top"></a><a id="XE_designer_(role)__description_of" name="XE_designer_(role)__description_of" class="index" key="设计人员（角色）（designer）" text="描述"></a><a id="Description" name="Description"></a> 
<p>
    设计人员确定和定义设计元素的职责、操作、属性和关系。 设计人员确保设计与软件体系结构一致，并详细到可以继续实施的程度。
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<div class="sectionHeading">属性</div>
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<div class="sectionHeading">人员配备</div>
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<th scope="row" class="sectionTableHeading">技能</th><td class="sectionTableCell"><a id="Skills" name="Skills"></a> 
<p>
    设计人员对以下各方面必须具有可靠的实际知识：
</p>
<ul>
    <li>
        系统需求
    </li>
    <li>
        系统体系结构
    </li>
    <li>
        软件设计技术，包括面向对象的分析和设计技术，以及统一建模语言
    </li>
    <li>
        实施系统所用的技术
    </li>
    <li>
        关于设计如何与实施相关联的项目指导信息，包括在继续实施之前预期在设计中出现的详细程度。
    </li>
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<th scope="row" class="sectionTableHeading">分配方法</th><td class="sectionTableCell"><a id="RoleAssignment" name="RoleAssignment"></a> 
<p>
    可以向设计人员分配实施系统的结构部分（例如类或实施子系统）的职责，也可分配实施系统的功能部分（例如用例实现或使类／子系统交叉的特性）的职责。
</p>
<p>
    通常由一个人兼任实施者和设计人员，承担这两个角色的职责。
</p>
<p>
    可以对设计职责进行划分，这样，高级框架设计是一名设计人员的职责，而详细设计（例如操作签名的细节，或者帮助程序类的确定和设计）则交给另一名设计人员（该设计人员还担当实施者）。
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<div class="sectionHeading">更多信息</div>
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<th scope="row" class="sectionTableHeading">核对表</th><td class="sectionTableCell">
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<a href="./../../core.base_rup/guidances/checklists/analysis_class_D9F4426.html" guid="1.7472687916176848E-305">分析类</a>
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<a href="./../../core.base_rup/guidances/checklists/design_class_436B6210.html" guid="1.1028389988231071E-306">设计类</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/guidances/checklists/design_package_A6ADC74E.html" guid="4.0129693828082837E-305">设计包</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/guidances/checklists/design_subsystem_65DED9C0.html" guid="2.4204020119591446E-307">设计子系统</a>
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<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/guidances/checklists/use-case_realization_444C8317.html" guid="9.828360528787822E-305">用例实现</a>
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<th scope="row" class="sectionTableHeading">指南</th><td class="sectionTableCell">
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<a href="./../../core.base_rup/guidances/guidelines/aggregation_A53E33AB.html" guid="1.1538495077622037E-304">聚集</a>
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<a href="./../../core.base_rup/guidances/guidelines/association_98710829.html" guid="5.540135518285335E-305">关联</a>
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<a href="./../../core.base_rup/guidances/guidelines/class_diagram_B2F8A2E2.html" guid="4.2570304587974485E-305">类图</a>
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<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/guidances/guidelines/design_class_E98280BF.html" guid="2.914882084937444E-305">设计类</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/guidances/guidelines/design_package_8CF100B8.html" guid="3.3691722315666536E-305">设计包</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/guidances/guidelines/design_subsystem_B26FD609.html" guid="1.2314266786534317E-305">设计子系统</a>
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<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/guidances/guidelines/generalization_94751549.html" guid="1.839540980397304E-305">泛化关系</a>
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<a href="./../../core.base_rup/guidances/guidelines/interface_18EF69A6.html" guid="3.6682388132488183E-305">接口</a>
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<a href="./../../core.base_rup/guidances/guidelines/subscribe-association_1AB75163.html" guid="1.401846671640991E-305">预订关联</a>
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<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/guidances/guidelines/use-case-analysis_workshop_B07C9D03.html" guid="4.6416720607434916E-306">用例分析研讨会</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/guidances/guidelines/use-case_realization_C690D81F.html" guid="1.6790343052744206E-305">用例实现</a>
</li>
</ul>
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<tr valign="top">
<th scope="row" class="sectionTableHeading">白皮书</th><td class="sectionTableCell">
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<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/guidances/whitepapers/rup_xp_guidelines_test-first_design_and_refactoring_A33A468B.html" guid="8.942691179790163E-306">RUP/XP Guidelines: Test-first Design and Refactoring</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/guidances/whitepapers/developing_large-scale_systems_with_the_rational_unified_process_7AA2AF65.html" guid="1.768223108034868E-305">Developing Large-Scale Systems with the Rational Unified Process</a>
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